A
#biomarker, or biological marker, generally refers to a measurable
#indicator of some biological state or condition. The term is also
occasionally used to refer to a substance whose detection indicates the
presence of a living organism.
The
principles of #biomarkers in disease have been applied to the
detection, screening, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of #cancer.
Traditionally, anti-cancer drugs were agents that killed both cancer
cells and healthy cells. However, more targeted therapies have now been
developed that can be directed to kill cancer cells only, while sparing
healthy cells.
The
assessment of a typical biomarker in cancer helps in the development of
therapies that can target the biomarker. This can minimize the risk of
toxicity and reduce the cost of treatment.
In
cancer research, genetic studies are valuable because genetic
abnormalities so often underlie the development of cancer. Certain DNA
or RNA markers may therefore help in the detection and treatment of
specific cancers.
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