Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes

TIL is a type of immune cell that has moved from the blood into a tumor cell. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are thought to be a sign that the immune system is trying to attack the cancer. In cancer therapy, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are removed from a patient’s tumor, then treated in the laboratory with substances that make them grow and turn into cells that can kill the patient’s cancer cells. Large numbers of these activated lymphocytes are then reinfused into the patient to help the immune system fight cancer.

Therapeutic TILs are preparation of cells, consisting of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, that are manipulated in vitro and, upon administration in vivo, re-infiltrate the tumor to initiate tumor cell lysis. In vitro, therapeutic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are isolated from tumor tissue and cultured with lymphokines such as interleukin-2; the therapeutic TILs are then infused into the patient, where, after re-infiltration of the tumor, they may induce lysis of tumor cells and tumor regression. The use of therapeutic TILs is considered a form of adoptive immunotherapy.

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Source: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/def/therapeutic-tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes